Wish

wish versus hope

• wish somebody something (luck/ a happy birthday etc.)
• I wish you good luck/ every success/ a happy holiday
• cannot wish that something happens, instead, we use hope in this situation
• I hope you get this letter before you go away.
  
• compare:
• I wish you a pleasant stay here.
• I hope you have a pleasant stay here.

Wish as regret
we also use wish to say that we regret something, that something is not as we would like it.

• When we use wish in this way, we use the past (knew/ lived etc.), but meanings is present:

• I wish I knew what to do about the problem. (I don't know and I regret this.)
• I wish you didn't have to go so soon. (you have to go)
  
• Do you wish you lived near the sea? (you don't live near the sea)

• to say that we regret something in the past, we use wish+had...(had known / had said) etc.:

• I wish I'd known about the party. I would have gone if I'd known. (I didn't know)
• It was a stupid thing to say. I wish I hadn't said it. (I said it)

I wish I could (do something) = I regret that I cannot do it:

• I'm sorry I have to go. I wish I could stay longer. (but I can't)
• I've met that man before. I wish I could remember his name. (but I can't)

I wish I could have (done something) = I regret that I could not do it:

• I hear the party was great. I wish i could have gone. (but I couldn't go)

Other usages
I wish (somebody) would (do something).

• when we would like something to happen or change. Usually, the speaker doesn't except this to happen.
• It's been raining all day. Jill doesn't like it. She says: I wish it would stop raining. (Jill would like the rain to stop, but this probably not happen.)

• when we want to complain about a situation:
• The phone has been raining for five minutes. I wish somebody would answer it.

• for actions and changes, not situations. Compare:
• I wish Sarah would come. (I want her to come)
• I wish Sarah was here now. (not I wish Sarah would be)
• I wish somebody would buy me a car.
• I wish I had a car (not I wish I would have)
  

I wish ... wouldn't ...to complain about things that people do repeatedlyI wish you wouldn't keep interrupting me.